Fire ants are more than just a nuisance for homeowners; they pose a severe health risk to anyone with life-threatening allergies. To protect the public this summer, the University of Tennessee Extension has released a comprehensive guide to effective fire ant management.

Karen Vail, an urban entomology Extension specialist, warned that anaphylaxis from insect stings can be fatal, urging communities to implement active control solutions.

For properties with lower mound densities, Vail recommends single-mound bait treatments using fresh, store-bought insect bait.

• How to Apply: Measure the recommended amount and scatter it around the mound, not directly on top.

• Ideal Conditions: Apply when temperatures are between 70°F and 85°F. During the summer, evening applications are most effective.

• The “Snack Test”: To ensure the bait is fresh and the ants are foraging, place a small piece of oily food (like a hot dog bit or potato chip) alongside a small pile of bait next to the mound. If ants ignore the bait but eat the food after 30 minutes, the bait is rancid and must be replaced.

• What to Avoid: Do not apply bait after mowing (as ants will focus on repairing the mound rather than foraging) or when rain or heavy dew is expected.

For lawns with a high density of more than 20 mounds per acre, Vail advises against individual mound treatments. Instead, homeowners should use a handheld broadcaster to apply bait evenly over the entire area.

Vail emphasized that fire ant control is simple but requires strict adherence to safety guidelines:

• Follow the Label: It is illegal to apply baits in areas not explicitly listed on the product label.

• Prevent Contamination: Do not store or mix baits with fertilizers, pesticides, or other strong-smelling compounds. Store them in a sealed container at room temperature.

• Alternative Methods: If ants remain active a few weeks after using a fast-acting bait, consider switching to a granular, drench, or dust application.

• Avoid DIY Hazards: Homeowners should never use DIY methods like boiling water or flammable liquids, which can harm the person applying them.